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Writer's pictureArnila Roy

Children and Colds



Children often experience more colds, or "upper respiratory infections," than any other illness. In their first two years alone, most children have eight to ten colds. If there are older school-age children in the house, expect even more due to the ease of transmission.


How Colds Spread Colds are caused by viruses, which spread through coughs, sneezes, and contact with contaminated surfaces. Teaching children to sneeze or cough into their elbow and practicing good hand hygiene can help prevent the spread. The virus can be transferred from person to person via hands or surfaces, making it essential to encourage frequent handwashing or the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers.


Symptoms of a Cold Common signs of a cold include:

  • Runny nose, initially clear then thickening and possibly colored

  • Sneezing

  • Low fever, especially at night

  • Sore throat and possible swallowing difficulties

  • Cough

  • Intermittent fussiness

  • Slightly swollen glands

  • Pus on the tonsils in older children, possibly indicating strep

Most cold symptoms subside within seven to ten days without leading to more severe issues.


When to Call the Pediatrician While older children usually don’t need a doctor for a typical cold, very young infants (three months or younger) should see a pediatrician at the first sign of illness. For children over three months, seek medical advice if they exhibit:

  • Difficulty breathing

  • Blue lips or nails

  • Persistent nasal mucus beyond 10-14 days

  • A cough lasting more than a week

  • Ear pain

  • High fever (over 102°F)

  • Excessive sleepiness or crankiness


Treatment There is no cure for the common cold, but ensuring your child is comfortable, well-rested, and hydrated can help. Antibiotics are ineffective against viruses, so focus on supportive care.


Prevention Prevent colds by keeping infants away from sick individuals, especially during the winter. Encourage your child to sneeze or cough into their elbow or use tissues. Regular handwashing with soap and water or using hand sanitizers can significantly reduce the spread of colds.

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